Calcium (Ca) – 24 hr urine [UCA]
Indications: 24hr urine reference interval is 2.5 - 7.5 mmol/24hrs Sample collection:
read moreVitamin B3 (Niacin) [VIB3]
Indications: Our niacin (vitamin B3) test includes levels of niacinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide and the total vitamin B3 level (as NAD). Vitamin B3 is required as a co-enzyme in electron-transfer reactions (catabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and alcohol), also as a substrate for NAD-consuming enzymes (ADP-ribosylation, NAD-dependent deacetylation, calcium mobilization) and as a ligand (inhibitory…
read moreCeruloplasmin [CERP]
Ceruloplasmin levels in the blood are an important indicator of copper status. Low levels of ceruloplasmin may indicate copper deficiency or conditions that affect copper metabolism, such as Wilson's disease or Menkes syndrome. Elevated ceruloplasmin levels may be associated with liver disease or inflammation. Ceruloplasmin binds to copper and transports it throughout the bloodstream, ensuring…
read moreCadmium(Cd) – blood [CAD]
Indications Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal that poses significant health risks to humans and the environment. It is a naturally occurring element found in the Earth's crust, but human activities have increased its concentration in the environment, leading to widespread exposure. Cadmium is a biproduct of various industrial processes, including mining, smelting, and battery…
read moreCadmium (Cd) – urine [CDU]
Indications Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal that poses significant health risks to humans and the environment. It is a naturally occurring element found in the Earth's crust, but human activities have increased its concentration in the environment, leading to widespread exposure. Cadmium is a biproduct of various industrial processes, including mining, smelting, and battery…
read moreVitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) [VIB5]
Patient Instructions: Avoid B vitamin containing supplements on the day of the test. Sample Requirements: Lavender (EDTA) Postal Samples: Accepted
read moreVitamin B6 (Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate) )
Indication: Vitamin B6 describes a group of six water-soluble vitamins with vitamin B6 activity. We report vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal-5-phosphate) as the most biologically active form of the vitamin and is recommended for assessing nutritional B6 status. Vitamin B6 is required for energy production, nervous system, haemoglobin synthesis and function, the folate and methylation cycles, hormone…
read moreVitamin D Panel (25-hydroxy D2 & D3) – serum [VITDS] & blood-spot [VITDB]
Indications: Raised in tumoral calcinosis, primary hyperparathyroidism, idopathic hypercalciuria and scarcoidosis as well as normal growing children and pregnant lactating females. Depressed in chronic renal failure, vitamin D dependent rickets, pseudohypoparathyroidism and tumor induced osteomalacia. This is the preferred test for vitamin D levels (also known as 25-hydroxyvitamin D). Sample Collection Instructions (finger-prick option): Vitamin…
read moreVitamin E (Tocopherol) [VITE]
Indications: Deficiency may be associated with haemolytic anaemia and with neurological disturbance and has been observed very rarely in premature infants, chronic cholestasis and malabsorption. Vitamin E is an antioxidant and dietary supplementation is widely used in regimes aimed at reducing atherosclerosis. Patient Instructions: No vitamin E containing supplements for 24 hours prior to testing.…
read moreVitamin K1 and K2 [VITK]
Indications: There are a number of structurally similar, naturally occurring compounds which have vitamin K activity. The major plant form is phylloquinone (vitamin K1). The menaquinones (vitamins K2, also referred to as MK) are predominately of bacterial origin. In the typical Western diet, K1 and MK account for 90% and 10% of the vitamin K…
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